The National Information Exchange Model (NIEM) replaced the Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM), which evolved from two separate efforts that were combined to form one standard. These efforts were element definitions for the International Justice and Public Safety Network (Nlets) and the AAMVA element definitions for driver messages.
In 2001, AAMVA started developing a standard for driver element definitions and defining the messages based on it. In a separate project, AAMVA worked with Nlets to standardize the elements used in the Nlets driver messages. Nlets decided to implement the standardized messages in XML and use a XML standard being developed by the Global Justice XML Task Force. Rather than have two standards, AAMVA joined the Global Justice XML Standards Task Force and merged standards and elements into the Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM).
As one of the one of the original contributors to GJXDM, AAMVA helped define the model and the processes for its operation and maintenance. The resulting Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM) conforms to many XML standards (for example, Federal XML) and XML guidelines (for example, OASIS UBL and ebXML). In 2004, the GJXDM was awarded an American Council for Technology (ACT) Intergovernmental Solutions Award for demonstrating tremendous progress in government collaboration and innovative use of technology.
As the use of GJXDM broadened, its focus was expanded to cover domains beyond the justice communities. In 2005, this expansion resulted in the publication of the NIEM standard, which replaced GJXDM. Most of the GJXDM definitions were rolled into the NIEM-Core or the NIEM-Justice domains and new domains were added for areas such as Emergency Management.